Efectos de la punción seca en la marcha y el equilibrio en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple: un estudio cuasiexperimental
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Resumen
Introducción: La espasticidad es uno de los síntomas más discapacitantes que afectan a los pacientes con esclerosis múltiple y puede provocar alteraciones en la marcha y el equilibrio. Aunque la punción seca (PS) ha demostrado ser eficaz para reducir la espasticidad y mejorar la marcha en pacientes con diferentes afecciones neurológicas, aún no se ha investigado su efecto sobre el equilibrio estático y dinámico. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos de la PS sobre la marcha y el equilibrio en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple.
Presentación del caso: Se diseñó un estudio cuasi-experimental antes-después. Los pacientes recibieron tres sesiones mensuales de PS durante 2 meses, aplicadas en los músculos gastrocnemio e isquiotibiales. Los participantes fueron evaluados al inicio y después de completar las 6 sesiones de PS (mes 2).
Resultados: Veinte pacientes con esclerosis múltiple participaron en el estudio. La PS tuvo un impacto positivo en el equilibrio, medido mediante el test de Tinetti justo después de finalizar el tratamiento (6 sesiones) (p = 0,004).
Conclusiones: Un protocolo de 6 sesiones de PS en músculos espásticos flexores de rodilla y tobillo en pacientes con EM parece tener un efecto positivo sobre el equilibrio.
Palabras clave
- esclerosis múltiple
- espasticidad
- punción seca
- marcha
- equilibrio
- fisioterapia
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Derechos de autor 2025 Alberto Javier Ormazábal, Mª Pilar Pérez Trujillo, Montserrat González-Platas
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